How is a "Go-around" typically executed by a pilot?

A "Go-around" is a standard procedure executed by a pilot when an approach for landing cannot be completed for various reasons, such as unsafe conditions or misalignment with the runway. Choosing to circle back for another landing attempt is a fundamental aspect of a go-around. When a pilot decides to go around, they typically climb to a safe altitude and circle back, allowing time to reassess the landing conditions and attempt another approach when it's safe to do so.

The other methods listed do not accurately describe the go-around procedure or are irrelevant to the action taken during a go-around. Rapidly descending altitude is contrary to the go-around's objective, which focuses on climbing safely away from the runway. Switching to autopilot may occur during a go-around but is not a defining action of the maneuver itself. Additionally, while a pilot may request a different runway under certain circumstances, this does not encapsulate the essence of a go-around, which is fundamentally about executing a new landing attempt after an initial approach has been aborted.